CLASSIFICATION AND TYPOLOGY OF PHYSICAL AND SPORTS COMPLEXES: AN ARCHITECTURAL-PLANNING INSTRUMENT

Abstract

The uneven spatial distribution of physical and sports complexes in urban residential districts highlights the need for a systematic approach to their organization. A six-criterion classification of these complexes reveals the mechanisms of synergy among functional, urban-planning, and technological requirements. The resulting typological models serve as an architectural-planning tool for flexible design in residential areas, ensuring spatial cohesion, aesthetic harmony, and social accessibility. Purpose. To investigate and develop an original classification and typological models of physical and sports complexes as an architectural-planning instrument for their systematic integration into urban residential districts, taking into account functional, urban-planning, and technological requirements. Methodology. The study draws on an interdisciplinary combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, including: bibliographic analysis of domestic and international sources on the design and operation of physical and sports complexes; spatial- statistical analysis of PSC distribution in Kyiv using GIS tools and public databases; review of regulatory documents and urban-planning materials (state building codes, master plans, infrastructure development programs); systematic synthesis of empirical observations and case studies of innovative facilities in global and local contexts. Results. The findings demonstrate that the proposed classification matrix provides clear differentiation of physical and sports complexes across six criteria, identifying distinct typological groups; spatial-statistical analysis uncovers an uneven distribution of PSCs in residential districts, with concentration in central quarters and deficits on the periphery; systematic synthesis of case studies highlights successful practices for integrating sports functions into dense residential fabric through adaptive architectural-planning solutions. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a six-criterion classification matrix has been developed for physical and sports complexes in residential districts, enabling systematic spatial-statistical analysis of their urban integration. Practical relevance. The results can inform architects and urban planners in siting physical and sports complexes within residential districts using the proposed classification matrix. Moreover, design institutions and local authorities may apply the classification to create typological models as documentation templates that ensure flexibility and adaptability of architectural-planning solutions.