FEATURES OF FUNCTIONAL ZONING OF PREMISES FOR SHELTERS IN THE GROUP OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Abstract

In article the key propositions of the legislative and regulatory documentations by protection of population during military actions and really condition is protection buildings that are used for main parts of population are considered. It was emphasized that the simplest shelters (basements and deep floors) accordantly to laws are not intended for protection but only decries on the severity of the damage. Such shelters don’t have water supply, sewage, ventilation and need for equipment. Part of the height of the basement is above the ground level, therefore, they are as vulnerable as the above-ground floors. The purpose of this study is to develop recommendations for ensuring reliable protection of the population in Ukraine. Specialists of the public association “Renaissance” were developing project proposals for strengthening the protective properties of the floor. Today, these design solutions are already used when adapting basements for shelter. The authors analyzed the experience of different countries in the world for the design and arrangement of individual premises and special structures to ensure the protection of the population. Hence, they have proposed a protection system where the main principle is to ensure quick access to shelter in any part of the city. In the residential environment, it will be supposed to create a safe space that consists of household shelters and storage in the underground space under the houses or under the residential area in the group of the houses. Various types of storage facilities for long-term stay of people, differing in comfort level and form of ownership, are offered. A scheme for placing the specified types of storage, planning solutions for each of the types, the composition of premises and equipment for each has been developed. The situation in which our state found is required immediate measures to preserve the life and health of the population. There are no safe cities in the country where the population can be evacuated. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the opportunity to live and work in a safe environment in the territories controlled by Ukraine.