USING BIOMIMETIC PRINCIPLES IN ADAPTIVE FACADES

Abstract

Biomimetics, leveraging principles inspired by natural processes, enables the creation of innovative architectural solutions capable of effectively responding to changing climatic conditions. Purpose. Analyze the use of biomimetic principles in adaptive facade systems to enhance building energy efficiency and ensure a comfortable microclimate. Based on this research, propose a conceptual design for a hotel operating on biomimetic principles. Methodology. The study employs an analysis of scientific sources, contemporary architectural practices, and international projects (Institute du Monde Arabe, Al Bahar Towers, The Edge), demonstrating the implementation of kinetic facades, sensor technologies, and adaptive systems. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of various façade solutions was conducted, leading to the development of a conceptual hotel complex design. Results. The research revealed that implementing biomimetic technologies can reduce building energy consumption by 30–70% through natural microclimate regulation. The proposed conceptual design for a hotel in Odesa features a facade system inspired by the behavior of mussel shells, with panels that automatically open and close depending on environmental conditions. The use of self-cleaning materials on the facade reduces maintenance requirements. Scientific novelty. The mechanisms for applying biomimetic principles at the levels of form and process for adaptive facade design were refined. The developed hotel project demonstrates an innovative approach to integrating biomimetics into modern architecture, combining aesthetics and functionality. Practical relevance. The proposed approaches can be used to design energy- efficient buildings in the context of changing climates. The research results provide a basis for implementing sustainable architectural solutions in regions with hot summers and mild winters, such as Odesa.