IMPROVING THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF TITANIUM ALLOYS BY THERMAL SPRAYING METHODS

Abstract

The study aims to enhance the wear resistance of titanium alloys by applying thermal spray coatings using plasma and detonation spraying techniques. The structural features and phase composition of thermal spray coatings were investigated through chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction. The microstructure, particle size, and hardness were evaluated by microhardness testing and micro X-ray spectral analysis. It was established that the coatings formed by plasma and detonation spraying of titanium carbide powders clad with nickel and copper exhibit a heterogeneous microstructure. Carbide particles are dispersed in a metallic matrix containing oxide inclusions. The microhardness of the particles depends on the cladding material and initial powder size. Detonation coatings showed a more uniform distribution and finer particle sizes (10–15 µm) compared to plasma coatings (20–60 µm). The presence of nickel phosphides and various intermetallic compounds was confirmed in both types of coatings. The detonation method led to a higher phosphorus content in the matrix due to reduced losses during spraying. Despite similarities in phase composition, structural uniformity and lower porosity were more prominent in detonation-sprayed coatings. Titanium alloys possess poor antifriction characteristics, which can be significantly improved by applying thermal spray coatings. Plasma and detonation spraying methods effectively enhance wear resistance, with detonation spraying offering better microstructural uniformity and phase distribution.