ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF STATIC AIR BEARING LINEAR GUIDEWAYS IN PRECISION ENGINEERING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18372/0370-2197.1(106).19822Keywords:
gas-static support, precision engineering, load-bearing air film, graphite, stiffnessAbstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the structural features of gasostatic linear guides and evaluate the influence of their geometry, supply pressure, and surface characteristics on dynamic stiffness and motion accuracy. It was found that uniform air pressure distribution in the load-bearing film minimizes deformations and movement deviations, ensuring high precision and smooth motion. The analysis of pressure distribution in the air film showed that the stiffness of the guides and the characteristics of porous elements significantly affect the stability and accuracy of movement. The absence of mechanical contact eliminates wear and friction, enhancing the durability of the system. The study confirmed that gasostatic supports provide excellent damping properties, as the air layer absorbs vibrations, positively affecting machining quality and positioning accuracy. However, challenges such as sensitivity to contamination, complexity of adjustment, and the need for high-precision surface manufacturing were identified. The necessity for a stable compressed air source and potential air leakage were also noted as limitations. The obtained results will be used for designing precision lathe-grinding machines, optimizing gasostatic systems to achieve minimal friction, high kinematic accuracy, and stable operation under varying loads.
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