Preconditions for the renovation of outdated housing stock

Abstract

Housing has always been of special importance to people, it is always the most important condition for their existence. However, today a significant part of the housing stock in Ukraine is in unsatisfactory technical condition, which is due to its obsolescence and physical deterioration, and needs to be renewed. One way to renew obsolete housing is to renovate it.

Goal. Identification and analysis of the preconditions for the renovation of the country's obsolete housing stock to develop effective approaches to solving this architectural and construction problem.

Method. Includes the following methods: analysis of the theory and practice of renovation of obsolete housing; generalization and systematization of domestic and foreign experience; identification of influencing factors and synthesis of methods of renovation of obsolete housing stock.

Results. The analysis of scientific works in the field of renovation and reconstruction of obsolete housing stock is carried out. According to the results of our analytical research, the following main prerequisites for the renovation of obsolete housing in Ukraine were identified: moral aging and physical wear and tear of the historically formed housing stock; low level of comfort and quality of living environment; inefficiency and low level of economic prestige of housing; lack of housing renovation programs that should promote the development of effective design solutions. The advantages of housing renovation include: compaction or segregation of buildings depending on the situation, the most rational use of resources and territories; extension of housing life; increasing its investment attractiveness of housing; adaptation of areas with obsolete housing to new requirements with a possible change in their functions (partial or complete) and improving the comfort of housing. Among the factors that determine the probable ways of further renovation, there are two groups - external (regulatory, climatic, landscape, urban, scientific, technical, socio-economic factors) and internal (socio-demographic, geometric, architectural and planning, spatial planning factors). A number of methods for renovating obsolete housing stock are proposed: construction of new residential buildings in new territories; construction of new residential buildings on the site of a demolished house; the method of changing the architectural-planning and spatial organization of the apartments of the building; method of increasing energy efficiency, method of extension, method of filling, method of superstructure, method of arrangement of underground car parks, method of selective dismantling of parts of the reconstructed building.

Scientific novelty. The preconditions for the renovation of obsolete housing stock in Ukraine have been identified and characterized, which has made it possible to propose a number of methods of complex renovation.

Practical significance. Influence factors are revealed and methods of renovation of obsolete housing are offered, which form an effective mechanism of practical solution of the problem considered in the article.