Development of organic architecture at the modern stage

Abstract

Examples of organic architecture buildings and structures are given in the article. The concept of "organic architecture" emerged in the early twentieth century. Principles of organic architecture were formulated in the works of F.-L. Wright, developed in the works of Alvar Aalto, R. Neutro, Luigi Fumara and others. The authors identify four major trends in contemporary organic architecture. The first, founded by Wright and later by Aalto, draws on the idea of ​​a harmonious combination of nature, architecture and man. Period of emergence and flowering - 20 years of the twentieth century. The second phase, which emerged in the 1950s and 1960s - biomorphism - was based on the reminiscent of natural forms in architecture and design. These are Charles and Ray Eames, Ross Lovegrove, Santiago Calatrava and others. The third trend, emerging at the end of the twentieth century, provides conservation through the use of energy-saving technologies.

The fourth is recycling. Their features, influence on the person, environment are investigated. Due to these factors the development of this style is traced. Examples of organic architecture of the 21st century, namely the work of architects Jennings + McKee Architects, USA; ARTechnic architects, Japan; Arata Izozaki, Japan; Wilkinson Eyre Architects, Perkins & Will Arup, United Kingdom; Heatherwick Studio, Singapore; MAD architects, China; Zaha Hadid Architects, United Kingdom; are studied.

Analysis of the development of organic architecture at the present stage proves that there is a gradual convergence of the first and second directions, that is, the houses are more and more combined with the surrounding space, at the same time their shape becomes more plastic, reminiscent of natural forms. Energy-saving technologies are an integral part of organic architecture. There is a transition to energy-saving capsules. But the most important is the connection of the person with the environment and the building and a sense of inner comfort