NETWORK ANALYSIS OF COLLABОRATIVE DECISION MAKING BY AIR NAVIGATION SYSTEM'S HUMAN-OPERATORS DURING EMERGENCY CASES IN FLIGHT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18372/2306-1472.1.13652Keywords:
dual channel network, multi-criteria approach, optimal interaction, network graph, synchronization, joint decision-making, decision support system, structured-time table, incident scenarioAbstract
Purpose: research of pilot and air traffic controller (ATC) collaborative decision making during emergency case in flight (for example, in case of one engine failure and other engine fires from one side during take-off on multiengine aircraft) for maximum synchronization of operators’ technological procedures. Methods: deterministic models of joint decision-making by the air navigation system operators are obtained by network planning methods; their adequacy is confirmed by full-scale modeling on a complex flight simulator. The probabilities of the emergency case development in flight are estimated using the neural network model. For the sequential optimization of the collaborative two-channel network “pilot-air traffic controller” in order to achieve the end-to-end effectiveness of joint solutions, a multi-criteria approach was used: ensuring the minimum time to parry emergency case in flight with maximum safety / maximum consistency over the time of operator actions. Results: synchronized operational procedures of air navigation system operators during emergency cases in flight with the optimal sequence of actions and the minimum time to complete the flight. A conceptual model of the system has been developed for managing and forecasting the development of emergency cases in flight based on deterministic and stochastic models of decision making by the air navigation system human operator, taking into account the influence of factors of a professional and non-professional nature. Discussion: the proposed models will complement the database of flight scenarios development in the decision support system and can be used in the air navigation system operators’ joint simulator training process and in the real conditions of aircraft exploitation.
References
Friedman M., Carterette E., Wiener E., Nagel D. (2014) Human Factors in Aviation. 1st еd, USA, Massachusetts, Academic Press Publ., 684 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2002) Human Factors Guidelines for Safety Audits Manual. 1st ed. Doc. ICAO 9806-AN/763, Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 138 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2004) Cross-Cultural Factors in Aviation Safety: Human Factors Digest № 16. Сir. ІСАО 302-AN/175. Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 52 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2009) Global Performance of the Air Navigation System. 1st ed. Doc. ICAO 9883, Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 176 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2013) Safety Management Manual (SMM). 3rd ed. Doc. ICAO 9859-AN 474. Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 300 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2014) Manual on Collaborative Decision-Making (CDM). 2nd ed. Doc. ICAO 9971. Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 166 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2012) Manual on Flight and Flow Information for a Collaborative Environment (FF-ICE). 1st ed. Doc. ICAO 9965. Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 140 p.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2005) Global Air Traffic Management Operational Concept. 1st ed. Doc. ICAO 9854. Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 82 p.
Aviation Safety Network (2018) ASN Wikibase. Available at: www.aviation-safety.net/wikibase/ (accessed 10.09.2018)
Ministry of Civil Aviation of the USSR (1985) Nastavlenie po proizvodstvu poletov v grazhdanskoy aviatsii SSSR (s izmeneniyami i dopolneniyami) [Manual on the production of flights in the civil aviation of the USSR (with changes and additions)], Moscow, Air Transport Publ., 262 p. (In Russian)
International Civil Aviation Organization (2007) Air Traffic Management. 15th еd. Doc. ICAO 4444-RAC/501, Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 425 p.
Golovnin S.М. (2016) Podgotovka pilotov i dispetcherov v virtualnoy srede pilotirovaniya i upravleniya vozdushnyim dvizheniem [Training pilots and controllers in the virtual environment of piloting and air traffic control]. Available at: www.researchgate.net/publication/303859941_Aviation_Training_Pilots_Air_Traffic_Controller (accessed 08.09.2018).
Kharchenko V., Shmelova T., Sikirda Y. (2016) Pryjnyattya rishen v sociotexnichnyx systemakh. Monografiya [Decision-making in Sociotechnical Systems. Monograph], Kyiv, NAU Publ., 308 p. (In Ukrainian)
Shmelova T., Sikirda, Yu. (2018) Models of Decision-Making Operators of Socio-Technical System, ch. 2. In Socio-Technical Decision Support in Air Navigation Systems: Emerging Research and Opportunities. Manuscript. USA, Hershey, IGI Global Publ., pp. 21–48. doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3108-1.ch002.
Muñoz-Marrón D. (2018) Human Factors in Aviation: CRM (Crew Resource Management). Papeles del Psicólogo / Psychologist Papers, vol. 39(3), pp. 191-199. doi: 10.23923/pap.psicol2018.2870.
İnan T.T. (2018) The Evolution of Crew Resource Management Concept in Civil Aviation. Journal of Aviation, vol. 2(1), Turkey, Istanbul, Vedat Veli Cay Publ., pp. 45-55. doi: 10.30518/jav.409931.
Malyshevskiy А.V. (2010) Sovershenstvovanie upravleniya i planirovaniya v sfere vozdushnogo transporta metodami sotsionicheskoy selektsii aviatsionnogo personala [Improving the management and planning in the field of air transport by means of socionic selection of aviation personnel]. Nauchnyiy vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii. Ser. Aeromehanika i prochnost, no. 1(151), pp. 150–157. (In Russian)
Sikirda Yu., Shmelova T. (2018) Socionics and Sociometry Diagnosting of Air Navigation System's Operator, ch. 4. In Socio-Technical Decision Support in Air Navigation Systems: Emerging Research and Opportunities. Manuscript. USA, Hershey, IGI Global Publ., pp. 70–90. doi: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3108-1.ch004.
Blutner R., Hochnadel E. (2010) Two Qubits for C.G. Jung's Theory of Personality. Cognitive Systems Research, vol. 11, pp. 243-259.
Cillessen A.S.N. (2009) Sociometric Methods. Handbook of Peer Interactions, Relationships, and Group, London, The Guilford Press, pp. 82-98.
International Civil Aviation Organization (2016) Global Air Navigation Plan 2016-2030. 5th ed. Doc. ICAO 9750, Canada, Montreal, ICAO Publ., 142 p.
European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation (2004) ATM Training Progression and Concepts. Belgium, Brussels, Eurocontrol Publ., 56 р.
Federal Aviation Administration (2008) Aviation Instructor’s Handbook. U.S. Department of Transportation, USA, Washington, FAA Publ., 228 p.
European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation (2003) Guidelines for Controller Training in the Handling of Unusual/Emergency Situations. 2nd еd., Belgium, Brussels, Eurocontrol Publ., 50 р.
Shmelova T., Shyshakov V., Shostak O. (2015) Determinovani modeli dij ekipazhu povitryanogo sudna u razi vy`ny`knennya osobly`vogo vy`padku u pol`oti [Deterministic models of the operations of the aircraft crew in the case of unusual situation in flight]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats' Kharkivs'koho natsional'noho universytetu Povitryanykh Syl, no. 2(19), pp. 33-37. (In Ukrainian)
Shmelova T., Shyshakov V. (2016) Systemnyj analiz vnutrishn`osy`stemny`x i zovnishn`osy`stemny`x faktoriv diyal`nosti nedeterminovanoyi pidsy`stemy` «ekipazh-povitryane sudno» [System analysis of internal system and external system factors of the non-deterministic subsystem "crew-aircraft"], Visnyk Inzhenernoi akademii Ukrainy, no. 4, pp. 48-54. (In Ukrainian)
European Aviation Safety Agency (2012) Decision Making for Single-Pilot Helicopter Operations, European Helicopter Safety Team, Germany, Koln, EASA Publ.,19 р.
Aviation Safety Network (2010) Final Investigation Report. Accident of Sunway Air Carrier (Georgia) IL-76TD Aircraft REG # 4L-GNI at Karachi, Pakistan on 27th November, 2010. Available at: www.reports.aviation-safety.net/2010/20101128-0_IL76_4L-GNI.pdf (accessed 12.07.2018)
Rizun N., Shmelova Т. (2016) Decision-Making Models of the Human-Operator as an Element of the Socio-Technical Systems, ch. 9. In Strategic Imperatives and Core Competencies in the Era of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence. Manuscript. USA, Hershey, IGI Global Publ., рр. 167–204. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1656-9.ch009.
Shmelova Т., Sikirda Yu., Scarponi C., Chialastri A. (2018) Deterministic and Stochastic Мodels of Decision Мaking in Air Navigation Socio-Technical System. ICT in Education, Research and Industrial Applications. Integration, Harmonization and Knowledge Transfer (ICTERI 2018), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference, Kyiv, Маy 14-17, 2018, vol. 2: Workshops, part 3: 4th International Workshop on Theory of Reliability and Markov Modelling for Information Technologies (TheRMIT 2018). Kyiv, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, pp. 649–656.
Kharchenko V., Shmelova T., Sikirda Yu. (2018) Methodology of Research and Training in Air Navigation Socio-technical System. Proceedings of the National Aviation University, vol. 1, рр. 8–23. doi: 10.18372/2306-1472.74.12277.
Shmelova T., Znakovska E. (2015) Computer program "Decision Tree": author's certificate. Kyiv, State Service of Intellectual Property of Ukraine.
