FORMATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE MODERN WORLD: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the issue of the historical aspect of the formation of human rights in the modern world. Research methods: the chosen topic of scientific research requires the use of various scientific methods and approaches to obtain qualitative results. Therefore, the following research methods were used to solve the tasks: analysis; system method; analytical, etc. Results: the emergence and path of development of human rights and the institution of human rights as a whole, closely related to the historical prerequisites for the formation of law, the existence and development of man and human civilization, which were initiated and developed by prominent philosophers of Ancient Greece and Rome. For centuries, scholars have highlighted and substantiated their own vision of the concept of human rights in their works. This made it possible to form the concept of "human rights", as certain capabilities of a person, which are necessary to meet the needs of his existence and development in specific historical conditions, are objectively determined by the achieved level of development of society and are provided by the responsibilities of other subjects. Discussion: human rights are rights that all people have, regardless of their country, gender, ethnicity, or any other trait. Among other things, this includes: rights to physical integrity, such as not being killed or tortured; civil rights, such as practicing one’s religion and moving freely within one’s country; and political rights, such as freedom of speech and association. Every human being has dignity and worth. One of the ways to recognize the fundamental The values of every human being are recognition and respect for their human rights. Human rights are a set of principles relating to equality and justice. They recognize our freedom to make choices about our lives and develop our potential as human beings. They are about living a life free from fear, harassment, or discrimination. Human rights can be broadly defined as a series of fundamental rights that people from all over the world have agreed on that are important. These include the right to life, the right to a fair trial, freedom from torture and other cruel and inhuman treatment, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the rights to health care, education, and an adequate standard of living. These human rights are the same for all people around the world – men and women, young and old, rich and poor, regardless of where we come from, where we live, what we think or what we believe. This is what makes human rights "universal".