The understanding ot environmental and social benefits of “car-free” projects by common public — case study of Оpole, Рoland

Abstract

Relevance of the topic. Urban transport is known to be the major degrading factor for the quality of environment in the city, including air and noise pollution, health effects, and waste generation. To improve the situation many countries are working on introduction of programs for control and mitigation of transport related impacts. Among the possible solution of this problem is creation of car-free cities.

Problem statement. As of today there is a wide range of projects developed and implemented for the reduction of traffic inside the cities from complete ban to limitation and redistribution of road transport flow. However, the possibility of introduction of such approaches depends on the availability of financial resources, technical feasibility, and public perception, which may be very different. The aim of the research is to evaluate the level of population environmental awareness about transport impacts and their readiness for changes in lifestyle. Methods. To perform this task it was decided to conduct the assessment of transport issues in one of European cities, develop the car-free strategy for it and conduct the survey of public opinion. The target city is Opole, which is an administrative center of Southern Poland. It demonstrates interest to the improvement of transport infrastructure, but not implemented any car-free plans yet. At the same time the city experiences a range of environmental problems due to intensive transport flow. The project developed involved complete ban on transport at the city center with development of bicycle infrastructure and green spaces at the territory. The attitude of people to the possible project was evaluated, using special questionnaire. The results of survey showed that people understand the negative effects of cars on the environment and health, but they are not willing to refuse using private cars. Thus, it is concluded that there is a need to conduct an information campaign for the support of the project.