THE CONCEPT AND CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVIL SERVANT UNDER THE IRAQI LEGISLATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18372/2307-9061.58.15311Keywords:
state service, a civil servant, the legislation of Iraq, an administrative-legal institute of state serviceAbstract
Purpose: taking into account regularities, traditions and renewal of legislation, to determine attributes and formulate a concept of a civil servant in Iraq. Research methods: a basic one was represented by a comprehensive positive understanding of concepts and phenomena, which was based on the use of methods of formal-legal analysis of Administrative, Labor, Constitutional legislation, a normative retrospective of state-service conceptual characteristics; methods of analysis and synthesis that contributed to the definition of civil servant’s essential attributes and concept; a method of legal formalization was used to formulate the definition. Results: the main periods of the state service legislation development in Iraq are found and characterized; a system of normative means which promote the distinguishing and characterizing of the concept of «a civil servant» essence is defined; on the basis of the separated attributes the concept of the civil servant in Iraq is formulated. Discussion: it is suggested to reconsider the existing broad concept of the state service understanding in Iraq and based on the state approaches of leading European countries, we are representing the suggestion to introduce and use the term «public service» in Administrative Law science of Iraq. It is considered rational to distinguish between categories of employees who serve in the administrative state apparatus and perform state power functions, and employees who perform work in state enterprises, institutions, organizations without plenary powers. Emphasis is placed on the need to unify the concepts and definitions of state service and bring them into line with the provisions of the current Constitution of the Republic of Iraq.
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Jordanian Civil Service Bureau. (2020). Civil Service Law. № (82) of 2013. URL: http://www. csb.gov.jo/web/index.php?option= com_k2&view= item&id=1790:82-2013-31-12-2018&Itemid=311 &lang=ar
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Hassan Jaber Ismail Al-Mousawi. (2014). The Legal Regulation for Promoting Public Employees – a Comparative Study, Master Thesis, College of Law, University of Kufa, Iraqi. 152 p.
Loi n°83-634 du 13 juillet 1983 portant droits et obligations des fonctionnaires. Loi dite loi Le Pors. URL: https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/ loda/id/ JORFTEXT000000504704/2021-02-02/
Ministère de la transformation et de la fonction publiques. (2021). Fonction publique en France. URL: https://www.fonction-publique. gouv.fr/fonction-publique-france
French Law. (1984a). Loi n°84-16 du 11 janvier 1984 portant dispositions statutaires relatives à la fonction publique de l’Etat (1). URL: https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/ JORFTEXT000000501099/2021-02-02/
French Law. (1984b). Loi n°84-53 du 26 janvier 1984 portant dispositions statutaires relatives à la fonction publique territoriale (1). URL: https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/ JORFTEXT000000320434/2021-02-02/
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Law of Iraqi. (1939). Civil Service Law, № 64. Al-Wakia Iraq. № 1753, 18.11.1939. [re-pealed by the Law on Civil Service № 55 1956]. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq:8080/LoadLawBook. aspx? page=1&SC=031020056351903
Law of Iraqi. (1956). Civil Service Law, № 55, dated June 4, 1956. Al-Waqi ‘and Al-Iraqiya, № 3804. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/ Load-LawBook.aspx?SC= 200420107855663#
Iraqi law. (1964). Iraqi Temporary Constitution, dated April 29, 1964. Al-Waqi ‘and Al-Iraqiya, № 249. [Canceled by Iraqi Temporary Constitution 1968]. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/ LoadLawBook.aspx?SC=281120057260790
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Iraqi law. (1970). Iraqi Temporary Constitution, 1970, dated July 16, 1970. Al-Waqi ‘and Al-Iraqiya, № 1900. [Canceled by Law 2004]. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/LoadLawBook.aspx?SC= 021220052939259
Iraqi law. (1979a). Revolutionary Command Council. Resolution on the abolition of the Civil Service Council, № 996, dated February 8, 1979. URL: http://wiki.dorar-aliraq.net/iraqilaws/law/ 12519.html#
Iraqi law. (1979b). Ministry of Finance. Instruction on the formation of committees for appointment to the office of ministry, № 119, 1979. URL: http://wiki.dorar-aliraq.net/iraqilaws/law/ 12978.html
Iraqi law. (2004). Iraqi State Transitional Governance Act, dated June 28, 2004. [Canceled by Iraqi Constitution 2005]. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/ LoadLawBook.aspx?page=1&SC= 070420067452838
Iraqi law. (2005). Iraqi Constitution, dated December 28, 2005. Al-Waqi ‘and Al-Iraqiya, № 4012. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/ LoadLawBook.aspx? page= 1&SC=290320063592085
Law of Iraqi. (2009). Federal Public Service Council, № 4. Iraqi facts, № 4116, 04.06.2009.
Ahmed Majid Al-Hasan. (2015). Reading the Civil Service Law № 24 of 1960 and its rela-tionship with other legislation. Tellskuf.com. URL: https://www.tellskuf.com/index.php/ mq/46602-24-1960.html
Iraqi law. (1960). Civil Service Law, № 24, dated January 4, 1960. Al-Waqi ‘and Al-Iraqiya, № 300. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/LoadLawBook. aspx?page=1&SC=311020059759549&BookID=3589
Iraqi law. (1991). The Disciplinary Sanc-tions Act for Civil Servants and Public Sector Officials, № 14, dated September 1, 1991. Al-Waqi ‘and Al-Iraqiya, № 3356. URL: http://iraqld. hjc.iq/LoadLawBook.aspx?SC=010119989157618
Iraqi law. (2008). On salaries of civil servants and public sector employees, № 22, dated January 1, 2008. Iraqi facts, № 4074. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/LoadLawBook.aspx?page=3&S C=191120084961500&BookID=28609
Iraqi Law. (2003). Iraqi Provisional Coali-tion Administration Resolution, № 30, dated Au-gust 9, 2003. [Canceled by Iraqi Law № 22, 2008]. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/LoadLawBook.aspx? SC= 210220064054685
Iraqi Law. (2014). Uniform Pension Law № 9, dated January 1, 2014. Al-Waqae Iraq, № 4314. URL: http://iraqld.hjc.iq/Load Law-Book. aspx?SC= 170320149635652
Law of Iraqi. (2015). Iraq Labor Law № 37, 2015. URL: http://iraqld. hjc.iq:8080/ LoadLaw-Book.aspx?page=1&SC=020220164139899
