THE ECOLOGICAL POLICY AS AN INSTRUMENT OF AIR TRANSPORTATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS MINIMIZATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18372/2306-1472.74.12296Keywords:
airlines, environmental impacts of aviation, environmental management, environmental policyAbstract
Purpose. The paper presents the analysis of the aviation impacts on the environment and the recommendations on development of environmental policy for airlines aimed at environmental performance improvement. The analysis of the latest research and publications. The problems of aviation interaction with environment are provided with targeted research efforts by all major regulators of the industry, but it is also important to analyze the current environmental policies of airlines to get insights of how airlines understand the environmental problems of their industry and evaluate their willingness to solve them.. The modern trends in aviation development. The world passenger air transportations are expected to grow up to 2030s. Statistical data on activity of the biggest national airports in Ukraine also shows the positive tendency in number of flights during the last three years. The analysis of environmental impacts of aviation. The growth of aviation raises the problem of environmental impacts, including contribution to climate changes; pollution of the ground atmosphere, soils and surface waters; noise pollution; wastes accumulation; threats to the habitats and diversity; reduction of arable lands; consumption of water and energy; electro-magnetic pollution; health effects, etc. The purpose and essence of environmental policy for airlines. An environmental policy is a presentation of airlines aims and principles in managing the environmental effects. It helps to develop the positive external image of the company. The analysis of the airlines environmental policies in action. The analysis of environmental policies of over 40 air companies from various parts of the world found that the content of all policies is almost the same with differences related to priorities setting and and site specific environmental concerns. Discussions. There are some serious drawbacks in the environmental policies considered: declarative character of the policies’ provision, absence of planned procedures for progress evaluation and redistribution of responsibilities to passengers. Conclusions. To combat the negative environmental issues of airlines activity the system of environmental management must be implemented based on the efficient environmental policy, which includes clear realistic targets with numerical presentation of potential progress.
References
Andrew Herdman. (2011) Future Growth of the Airline Industry. Geneva: Association of Asia Pacific Airlines. 28 p.
Charles R. Miller. (2004) Airports: Deadly Neighbors. London: LCD Press, 243 p.
Arjomandi, A., Seufert, J. Heinz. (2014). An evaluation of the world's major airlines' technical and environmental performance. Economic Modelling, no. 41, pp. 133-144.
Kemp Rene. (2013) Technology and Environmental Policy - Innovation effects of past policies and suggestions for improvement. Maastricht University: MERIT, 29 p.
Gossling, S., J. Broderick, P. Upham, J. Ceron, G. Dubois, P. Peeters, W. Strasdas. (2007) Voluntary carbon offsetting schemes for aviation: Efficiency, credibility and sustainable tourism, Journal of Sustainable tourism, no. 15(3), pp. 223–248.
Joosung Lee, Jeonghoon Mo. (2011) Analysis of Technological Innovation and Environmental Performance Improvement in Aviation Sector. Int J Environ Res Public Health. No. 8(9), pp. 3777–3795.
Hares, A., J. Dickinson, K. Wilkes (2010) Climate change and the air travel decisions of UK tourists, Journal of Transport Geography, no. 18(3), pp. 466–473.
Lassen, C. (2010) Environmentalist in business class: An analysis of air travel and environmental attitude, Transport Reviews, no. 30(6), pp. 733–751.
Ir. Yashar Araghi, Dr. ir. Maarten Kroesen, Dr. ir. Eric Molin Dr. ir. Bert vanWee. (2012) Examining consumer preferences on environmental policies designed for sustainable airline industry. Delft University of Technology: TRAIL Research School. 17 p.
Wilco W. Chan, Barry Mak (2005) An Analysis of the Environmental Reporting Structures of Selected European Airlines. International Journal of Tourism Research, no. 7, pp. 249-259.
Current Market Outlook 2017-2036. New York: Boeing Market Research, 2012. 63 p.
New IATA Passenger Forecast Reveals Fast-Growing Markets of the Future. IATA Press Release No. 57. 2014. 18 p.
L.Cherniak, M. Radomska. (2017) An Analysis of local climate effects: a case study of the Lviv International Airport. Studia Periegetica, no.1(17), pp.123–138.
L.Cherniak, M. Radomska, S.Boichenko. (2017) Main Aspects of Modern Aviation Sustainable Development. International Symposium on Sustainable Aviation. P.10.
Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Aviation and the Global Atmosphere. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1999. 157 p.
Environmental Effects of Civil Aircraft in Flight: Special Report. London: Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, 2002. 48 p.
Khodayari A., Wuebbles D.J., Olsen S.C. (2013) Intercomparison of the capabilities of simplified climate models to project the effects of aviation CO2 on climate. Atmospheric Environment, no. 75, pp. 321–328.
Asaturov M.L. (2010) The study of the environment pollution in air transportation processes. Saint-Petersburg: University. 94 с. (In Russian).
S.Boichenko, L.Cherniak, M. Radomska, L. Pavlyukh. Aviation Ecology. Handbook. Kyiv, National Aviation University. 160 p. (In Ukrainian).
At the forefront of the airline industry. Report on the 5 years progress. 2013. Scandinavian Airlines: SAS. 12 p.
Ir. Yashar Araghi, Dr. ir. Maarten Kroesen, Dr. ir. Eric Molin Dr. ir. Bert vanWee. (2012) Examining consumer preferences on environmental policies designed for sustainable airline industry. Delft: TRAIL Research School. 14 p.
Hofer, C., M. Dresner, R. Windle (2010) The environmental effects of airline carbon emissions taxation in the use. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, no. 15(1), pp. 37–45.
Hares A., Dickinson J., Wilkes K. (2010) Climate change and the air travel decisions of UK tourists. Journal of Transport Geography, no. 18(3), pp. 466–473.
Lassen C. (2010) Environmentalist in business class: An analysis of air travel and environmental attitude. Transport Reviews, no. 30(6), pp. 733–751.
Lee, D., D. Fahey, P. Forster, P. Newton, R. Wit, L. Lim, B. Owen, R. Sausen (2009) Aviation and global climate change in the 21st century. Atmospheric Environment, no. 43(22-23), pp. 3520–3537.
Greene, D. (1992) Energy-efficiency improvement potential of commercial aircraft. Annual review of energy and the environment, no. 17(1), рр. 537–573.
