Single-electronic Multi-level Adders
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18372/1990-5548.77.17962Keywords:
quantum-dot cellular automata, majority element, four-bit nano adder, computer edit designed, arithmetic nano circuitAbstract
Since metal-oxide-semiconductor microelectronic structures have reached small-scale and quantum limitations, technological models of single-electron nanocircuits of multi-level adders have been created in the work. It has been proven that one bit of information can be encoded by the presence or absence of one electron on a quantum island cluster.This paper provides a simulation of a 4×4 multiplier circuit on the proposed one-bit full adder. As a result, a comparison with other adders was made, an analysis of energy dissipation depending on temperature and the dissipated power of the existing and proposed multipliers in nW was carried out. As a result, it was found that the proposed adder has better properties compared to similar ones. As a result of the work, the simulation of the 4×4 multiplier circuit was performed, and the simulation results were obtained. Modeling of the circuit was performed in QCAD DESIGNER software.
References
W. Porod and C. S. Lent, and G. H. Bernstein, “Quantum cellular automata,” Nanotechnology, 4:49–57, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/4/1/004
P. D. Tougraw and C. S. Lent, “Logical devices implemented using quantum cellular automata,” J Appl Phys, 46556:1818–1825, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.356375
K. Navi, S. Sayedsalehi, F. Razieh, and R. A. Mostafa, “Five-input majority gate, a new device for quantum-dot cellular automata,” J Comput Theor Nanosci, 7:1546–1553, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2010.1517
A. Sayed Sajad, M. Mohammad, and R. H. Saeed, “Robust QCA full-adders using an efficient fault-tolerant five-input majority gate,” Int J Circuit Theory Appl, 47:1037–1056, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.2634
W. K. W. Wang and A. J. “Graham, Quantum-dot cellular automata adders,” In: IEEE Conference, 2003, pp. 461–464.
H. Cho and E. E. Swartzlander, “Adder and multiplier design in quantum-dot cellular automata,” IEEE Trans Comput, vol. 58, Issue 6, pp. 721–727, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.2009.21
M. R. Azghad, O. Kavehie, and K. Navi, “A novel design for quantum-dot cellular automata cells and full adders,” J Appl Sci, vol. 7, pp. 3460–3468, 2007. https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2007.3460.3468
Z. Rumi, W. Konard, W. Wei, and A. J. Graham, “Performance comparison of quantum-dot cellular automata adders,” In: IEEE conference, 2005, pp. 2522–2526.
A. Shaahin, A. Esam, B. Nader, and N. Keivan, “Novel robust single layer wire crossing approach for exclusive OR sum of products logic design with quantum-dot cellular automata,” J Low Power Electron, vol. 10, pp. 259–271, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1166/jolpe.2014.1320
V. Pudi and K. Sridharan, “Low complexity design of ripple carry and brent-kung adders in QCA,” IEEE Trasns Nanotechnol, vol. 11, pp. 105–119, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2011.2158006
P. Stefania, C. Pasquale, and C. Giuseppe, “Area-delay efficient binary adders in QCA,” IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr Syst, vol. 22(5), pp. 1174–1179, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVLSI.2013.2261831
H. Sara, T. Mohammad, and N. Keivan, “An efficient quantum-dot cellular automata full-adder,” Sci Res Essays, vol. 7(2), pp. 177–189, 2012.
C. Labrado and T. Himanshu, “Design of adder and subtractor circuits in majority logic-based field-coupled QCA nanocomputing,” Electron Lett, vol. 1, pp. 464–466, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.3834
D. Abedi, G. Jaberipur, and M. Sangsefidi, “Coplanar full adder in quantum-dot cellular automata via clock-zone-based crossover,” IEEE Trans Nanotechnol, vol. 52(6), pp. 497–504, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2015.2409117
Z. Dadgar and A. Rezai, “An efficient design for coplanar ripple carry adder in quantum-dot cellular automata technology,” J Nano Electron Phys, vol. 11(3), pp. 03034-1–03034-4, 2019. https://doi.org/10.21272/jnep.11(3).03034
D. Mokhtari, A. Rezai, H. Rashidi, F. Rabiei, S. Emadi, and A. Karimi, “Design of novel efficient full adder circuit for quantum-dot cellular automata technology,” Facta Universitatis Series Electronics and Energetics (FU Elec Energ), vol. 31(2), pp. 279–285, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2298/FUEE1802279M
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).