Electronics and Control Systems
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU
<span>“Electronics and Control Systems” is a double-blind peer-reviewed open access international scientific journal, established in 2003. The journal had been published under the title “Scientific Works of National Aviation University. Series on Electronics and Control Systems” until the year 2010.</span>National Aviation Universityen-USElectronics and Control Systems1990-5548<p>Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:<br /><br />Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a <a title="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution License</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.<br /><br />Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.<br /><br />Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See <a title="http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html" href="http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html" target="_blank">The Effect of Open Access</a>).</p>Spectral Analysis of Autocorrelation Functions of Roll and Pitch Angles
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18693
<p>This article addresses issues related to assessing the impact of a pilot's psychophysiological stress on the quality of aircraft piloting techniques. The quality of aircraft control was evaluated through changes in flight parameters, specifically the roll and pitch angles during the landing approach. The study utilized the analysis of autocorrelation functions of the controlled parameter and their spectra. The proposed mathematical apparatus allows tracking the moment when the pilot's psychophysiological stress increases to the point of emotional instability, constructing a function of its influence on the quality of aircraft piloting. This method is necessary for improving crew training for special situations in flight.</p>Yurii HryshchenkoOleksii Chuzha Tetiana Solomakha
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-2528010010410.18372/1990-5548.80.18693Complementary Filter in Inertial-Doppler System of Navigation
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18692
<p>The article is devoted to filtering algorithms that are used to process flight speed data from an inertial navigation system and from a Doppler speed and angle demolition meter. It is shown that the compensation scheme and the filtering scheme, the more common name of which is the complementary filter scheme, are the most common for processing flight and navigational information in inertial-Doppler navigation systems. The paper proves the equivalence of the compensation scheme and the complementary filter scheme, and also substantiates that these schemes, unlike Kalman filtering, are simple to implement, and for design, they require the selection and setting of only one parameter - the filter time constant. <br>A technique for choosing the optimal value of the filter time constant is proposed, which ensures the <br>maximum accuracy of the estimated parameter, namely: the aircraft's cruising speed. The methodology is based on the analysis of error spectra of integrated systems: the inertial system - with a low-frequency <br>error spectrum, and the Doppler system with a high-frequency spectrum. Studies of synthesized filtering schemes have been conducted.</p>Мykola Filyashkin Yuriy Kemenyash
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-25280949910.18372/1990-5548.80.18692Qualitative Qoe Assessment when Choosing a Web Service Using an Expert Hybrid System
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18691
<p>In the article proposes a new method, based on a hybrid fuzzy expert system, for assessing the QoE of web services. It also shows how different QoS parameters affect QoE. To do this, a subjective test was conducted in a controlled environment with real users to correlate QoS parameters with a subjective QoE score. Based on the test results, affiliation functions and rules for the fuzzy system were obtained. The membership function is derived using a probabilistic approach, and the derivation rules are generated using fuzzy set theory. The evaluation simulation environment using the Matlab software package. The results of the simulation show that the quality of the website is rated and has a high correlation with the subjective quality assessment received from the participants of the control test.</p>Volodymyr Vovk Petro Pelekh
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-25280849310.18372/1990-5548.80.18691Comprehensive Framework for Design and Modernization of Avionics Management Systems
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18690
<p>The efficiency and safety of civil aviation heavily depend on the robust performance of avionic systems, which provide essential communication, navigation, and surveillance capabilities for flight operations. To sustain the requisite level of reliability in these complex systems, a methodological foundation for their design and modernization is critical. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for the Avionics Management System, emphasizing systematic component analysis and developmental methodologies. This framework includes a multidisciplinary approach that integrates advanced principles, theories, models, and methods drawn from current achievements in information technology, artificial intelligence, mathematical statistics, and decision-making theory. It also considers societal needs, economic trends, and future developmental prospects. Proposed approach ensures that AMS not only addresses immediate operational requirements but is also adaptable to future technological evolutions, thus supporting the life cycle of avionic systems from conception through to utilization. The proposed framework is poised to guide the industry in achieving higher levels of system reliability and maintenance efficiency, with potential implications for the broader realm of civil aviation and its ever-advancing technological landscape.</p>Oleksandr SolomentsevIgor KabashkinMaksym Zaliskyi Oleksii Zuiev
Copyright (c) 2024
2024-06-252024-06-25280748310.18372/1990-5548.80.18690Nonlinear Optical Properties of Ionic Thermotropic and Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18689
<p>This work presents the analysis of experimental research on the optical and nonlinear optical properties of two different representatives of metal alkanoate-based liquid crystals. Namely, ionic lyotropic liquid crystals of potassium caprylate doped with electrochromic viologen additives, and anisotropic glasses of ionic thermotropic liquid crystals of cobalt alkanoates of the homologous series (n = 7, 9, 11) and their multicomponent mixtures. Prior to the nonlinear optical experiment, the optical absorption spectra of all samples were investigated. For proposed absorbing media, laser-induced dynamic grating recording under the action of nanosecond laser pulses has been realised, observed and analysed. The studied materials were found to exhibit cubic optical nonlinearity, with cubic nonlinear susceptibility χ<sup>(3)</sup> and hyperpolarizability γ values comparable to the best organic dyes. The possible mechanism of nonlinear response in the systems studied was considered on the basis of the data obtained. The nonlinear response mechanism is related to the non-linear polarisation of the π-electrons in the field of the laser radiation.</p>Aleksandra Gridyakina Hanna Bordyuh Tetiana Len Arkadiy Polishchuk
Copyright (c) 2024
2024-06-252024-06-25280677310.18372/1990-5548.80.18689Artificial Ineligence for Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Processing
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18688
<p>The object of this research is the processing of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images using artificial intelligence. The subject of the study focuses on the utilization of artificial intelligence for the object detection on SAR images. The primary goal of this thesis is to investigate the principles of SAR operation, analyze various systems for detecting anomalous objects in soil, develop an intelligent system for processing SAR images, and evaluate the potential of the developed system for the classification of explosive objects. The research methods include the analysis of existing literature and programming in Python. The findings and materials from this thesis are recommended for use in the analysis of current underground anomaly detection systems, the potential application of artificial intelligence and machine learning in demining processes, and the examination of radar image processing methods.</p>Victor Sineglazov Andriy Shvidchenko
Copyright (c) 2024
2024-06-252024-06-25280586610.18372/1990-5548.80.18688Synthesis of Robust System for Spatial Stabilization of Ground Vehicle Equipment
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18685
<p>The article deals with the approach to designing robust system for stabilization of equipment assigned for operation on ground moving vehicles. The mathematical model of stabilization system including non-linear differential equations and state space representation is given. The features of basic external disturbances specific for ground moving vehicles are represented and analysed. The classification of external disturbances is suggested. Expressions for forming filters providing simulation of specific external disturbances are derived. The basic peculiarities of synthesis of spatial stabilization system for ground moving vehicle equipment are described. The simulation results are represented. During simulation, irregularities of different types are taken into consideration. The description of means for simulation of stabilization system of the studied type are considered. The obtained results can be useful for equipment operated on moving vehicles of the wide class.</p>Olexander Saluyk Olha Sushchenko
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-25280505710.18372/1990-5548.80.18685Single-electron Sequential Nanocircuits and their Models
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18683
<p>Memorizing nanodrives are distinguished by a large variety of majority trigger structures, which are the basic fragments of the the nanocircuit of a high integration level. The paper describes the synthesis of reliable sequential nanodevices of single- electronics based on the technology of quantum cellular automata. When constructing majority nano-circuits with memory, the theory of finite automata is used. The order of computer design of different types of arithmetic and logic nanodevices is analyzed. High-speed parallel-acting and paraphase control nanoregisters control are created.</p>Oleksandr Melnyk Viktoriia Kozarevych
Copyright (c) 2024
2024-06-252024-06-25280434910.18372/1990-5548.80.18683Adaptive Control of Manipulator Robots in a Dynamic Environment Using Neural Networks
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18682
<p>The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to planning the trajectory of the manipulator robot using an intelligent system based on neural networks. For this purpose, the work considered the processes of planning and deploying the movement of the robot. The analysis of existing methods of planning the movement of manipulator robots and the review of intelligent control systems made it possible to obtain a complete picture of the current state of this issue. A system is proposed that can perceive the environment and control the movement of the robot by generating the correct control commands. For this, 3 tasks were solved, namely: analysis of the environment in order to determine its features, determination of the trajectory in order to neutralize the collision and determination of controlled influences for the executive authorities in order to implement the movement. The functionality and structure of the neural network for solving each of the tasks are proposed.</p>Victor Sineglazov Volodymyr Khotsyanovsky
Copyright (c) 2024
2024-06-252024-06-25280364210.18372/1990-5548.80.18682Solution of the Problem of Identification of Aerodynamic Coefficients of Aircraft According to the Data of Their Full-Scale Tests
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18681
<p>The methodology of the correct identification of the aerodynamic coefficients of the aircraft is considered, namely the determination of the partial derivatives of the aerodynamic forces and moments of the aircraft according to its state variables. The method of determining static (balancing) dependencies from short-term dynamic modes of a natural experiment is also presented. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is confirmed by the practice of determining the aerodynamic coefficients and aerodynamic characteristics of various aircraft.</p>Anton Silvestrov Mykola Ostroverkhov Liudmyla Spinul
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-25280283510.18372/1990-5548.80.18681Automated Camouflage Design Based on Artificial Intelligence
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18680
<p>The article discusses the development of a camouflage uniform production system for civilian use with an emphasis on survival and hunting. Effective camouflage requires precise reproduction of the colors, textures, and patterns of specific landscapes, increasing hunting success and unnoticed movement. The technological process of fabric dyeing, necessary for the production of high-quality camouflage uniforms, includes fabric preparation, dyeing and strict quality control.. Fabric preparation includes cleaning, soaking, bleaching, and mercerization to ensure uniform dye absorption and durability. Dyeing methods vary by fabric type, with reactive dyes for natural fibers and disperse dyes for synthetics. Quality control includes visual inspections and tests for colorfastness under various conditions. Advanced dyeing techniques such as continuous dyeing, spray dyeing, stencil dyeing and digital printing have been analyzed to offer certain advantages. Machines like the Mimaki TX300P handle various fabric widths with high precision and reliability, enhancing efficiency. Automation using the Mimaki TX300P streamlines the dyeing process, optimizing ink consumption and integrating fabric loading, printing, and cutting systems. A customer relationship management system further automates garment creation, enhancing design, order management, and quality control. Tools like CLO3D enable detailed 3D modeling and accurate pattern reproduction. The customer relationship management system coordinates production stages and provides precise paint usage recommendations, ensuring efficient resource management and high-quality outcomes. In conclusion, developing and automating fabric dyeing processes for camouflage uniforms involve advanced technologies and meticulous quality control, ensuring durable, colorfast camouflage clothing that blends effectively into natural environments for civilian use.</p>Victor Sineglazov Mykyta Bashenko
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-25280202710.18372/1990-5548.80.18680Analysis of Ukrainian, Turkish, Moldova Air Network Using Graph Theory
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18679
<p>The article considers the application of the analysis method using graph theory to determine critical points in the air networks of Ukraine, Turkey and Moldova. The goal is to identify critical points in the above-mentioned aerial networks. The reason is the probability of resuming air traffic between Ukraine and neighboring countries (with the exception of the Russian Federation). The data on the network is obtained from collections of aeronautical information. Modeling was performed in the Python software environment using libraries for processing and visualizing the received data. The main criteria used to determine the criticality of a radio navigation point are Betweenness centrality and Closeness centrality. In addition, the collection and comparison of statistical data on the number of routes and radio navigation points in each of the studied countries will be performed. The obtained data are useful, because it will give an opportunity to compare the results with those obtained during the study of the Ukrainian network and for air navigation service providers to improve the existing network.</p>Oleg Ivashchuk
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-25280161910.18372/1990-5548.80.18679Intelligent System of Generation of Camouflage Patterns Based on Artificial Intelligence Technologies
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18678
<p>The work is devoted to the development of an intelligent system for generating camouflage patterns based on artificial intelligence technologies. A generative-competitive network is used as an intellectual element of this system. To solve the problem of the collapse mode, the architecture of progressively growing GANs (ProGAN) is used. The system allows you to generate completely new camouflage patterns for the selected area by iteratively improving the pattern. Due to the mechanism of restrictions, it is possible to fix the desired aspects of the drawing (color scheme, pattern, number of colors) from an existing drawing and adapt it to the desired area. The system provides the possibility of generating micropatterns on the drawings to improve camouflage at close distances. When evaluating a camouflage pattern, the system takes into account additional parameters, such as angle (from the ground and air), time and weather.</p>Victor Sineglazov Dmytro Nikulin
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-06-252024-06-2528091510.18372/1990-5548.80.18678Two-circuit System of Automated Control of Low-Altitude Helicopter Flight
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18446
<p>The mode of automatic control of a low-altitude flight of a helicopter over heavily rugged <br>terrain based on information about the inclined range is considered. It is shown that at high flight speeds it is impossible to overcome strictly vertical obstacles without changing the angle of inclination of the rangefinder antenna to the horizon depending on the flight speed, or without reducing the flight speed when approaching such an obstacle. Algorithms for controlling low-altitude flight using a two-channel scheme are proposed, namely, at high speeds through the longitudinal channel of the swashplate, and at low speeds – through the channel of the general pitch of the main rotor. The problem of optimal control of low-altitude helicopter flight is formulated, which can be presented as a variational problem with <br>restrictions on phase coordinates and control influences. Ways to optimize the process of circumventing an obstacle with forecasting the trajectory of the helicopter on a certain section of the route with <br>subsequent stabilization of the helicopter on this trajectory are shown.</p>Мykola Filyashkin
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280758010.18372/1990-5548.79.18446Methods for Measuring the Efficiency of UAVs in the Air Navigation System
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18445
<p>The article discusses the concept of efficiency in the context of assessment system solutions and the methods used to measure it. Efficiency is defined as the ability to produce effects and achieve results, while effectiveness is understood as the outcome of certain actions. Efficiency theory is based on operations research and decision-making methods using mathematical models such as probability theory and machine learning techniques. The results of performance measurements can be used to solve a variety of practical problems related to unmanned aerial vehicles, including comparing similar systems, conducting operational assessments, and optimizing requirements. The paper also discusses the modification of flight control and planning models, where stochastic parameters that affect mission quality need to be considered. Societal effects, such as flight normality and safety, can be measured by direct assessment methods and statistical metrics. More generalized metrics can be used to assess flight safety by comparing the number of accidents and workload. Suggested methods include the use of mathematical models and integration techniques to assess flight safety.</p>Haoyang LiVolodymyr Kharchenko
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280707410.18372/1990-5548.79.18445The Latest Means of Communications Based on LTE and MIMO Technologies in 3G, 4G Networks: Application for Contemporary Biomedical Practice in Rural Ukraine
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18444
<p>The network organization of the systems of economic entities, which are distributed remotely over large territories, require the creation of high-quality communications for them. The purpose of present work was to demonstrate the possibility of using the latest means of communication based on Long-Term Evolution and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output technologies (LTE- and MIMO- technologies) in 3G and 4G networks to solve contemporary tasks of organizing of high-quality mobile communication in some places of the territory of Ukraine for the works that need biological and medical information in rarely settled, remote regions. The publication provides the author's data on the practical organization of communication in rural areas and considers the following issues. 1- Determination of spatial parameters of the LTE standard network. 2- Preparation of a map of the area. 3- Choosing an LTE network planning option. 4- Principles of construction and operation of LTE networks. 5- P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway) functions. 6- MME (Mobility Management Entity) functions. 7- Functions of PCRF. MME (Mobility Management Entity) functions. 8- Functions of PCRF. 9- Peculiarities of using upper and lower frequencies for LTE. 10- Application of MIMO technology in LTE. 11- Application of MIMO technology in 3G and 4G networks. The results of the performed works can be applied for the networked structures development for the use in domestic economy, agriculture, for the science branches like biology, nature protection, and for information systems for such branches. In the result of the work done the type of antenna, other equipment were suggested; they should be used to strengthen 3G and 4G Long-Term Evolution communication in such conditions, as well as suitable 4G antenna for modem or router. Obtained results are suitable for providing of the work of information systems in agriculture, ecological monitoring, other areas of activities, based on biological and medical information; they all need quick data exchange as well as for scientific centers, other settlements, for which such communication possibilities primarily were developed.</p>Vladimir Shutko Nazar Fomenko Olena Klyuchko Olena Kolganova
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280606910.18372/1990-5548.79.18444Absorbance Spectra of Co2+ Alkanoate Liquid Crystals and Smectic Glasses
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18443
<p>The work is devoted to the study of the optical properties of ionic thermotropic liquid crystals of the homologous series of cobalt alkanoates and their smectic glasses using methods of electronic spectroscopy. The aim of the study was to determine the dominant coordination of cobalt cations in the alkanoate matrix and the nature of the matrix's influence on the absorption of samples. It is shown that the dominant coordination of cobalt ions in the studied media is the octahedron. A significant decrease in the absorption coefficient with the increase in the length of the aliphatic chain in the homologous series of cobalt alkanoates is due to a decrease in both the volume concentration of the cobalt cation complexes and the values of the dipole moments of the d-d transitions.</p>Aleksandra Gridyakina Arkadiy Polishchuk Tetiana Len
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280545910.18372/1990-5548.79.18443Method of Planning and Coordination of Robot Movement Using Neural Networks for Solution of Dynamic Production Scenarios
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18441
<p>The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to planning the trajectory of a robot manipulator using an intelligent system based on neural networks. For this purpose, the work considered the processes of planning and deploying the movement of the robot. The analysis of existing methods of planning the movement of robot manipulators and the review of intelligent control systems provided a comprehensive picture of the current state of this issue. A system is proposed that can perceive the environment and controls the movement of the robot by generating correct control commands. For this purpose, 3 tasks were solved, namely, the analysis of the environment in order to determine its features, the determination of the trajectory in order to neutralize the collision, and the determination of controlled influences for the executive bodies in order to implement the movement. The functionality and structure of the neural network for solving each of the tasks is proposed. The proposed approach is compared with existing approaches on key parameters, such as the execution time of the planned movement and the time of calculating the movement trajectory. The results confirmed that the use of neural network to optimize the trajectory and dynamic prediction to avoid obstacles significantly increased the adaptability of the system to the changing conditions of the production environment, which opens up new opportunities for improving automated processes and providing optimal conditions for the functioning of manipulator robots in real-time.</p>Victor Sineglazov Volodymyr Khotsyanovsky
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280485310.18372/1990-5548.79.18441Modeling of Ferric Nanoparticles Fe3+ Interactions with thin Films of Organic Substances
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18440
<p>The results of solving the problem of modeling the interaction of iron Fe<sup>3+</sup> nanoparticles with thin bilayer membranes were represented. The purpose of the work was to create a physical model of the behavior and interaction of Fe<sup>3+</sup> iron nanoparticles, which are located near thin films of organic substances. For this, physical model systems with thin films - BPM (bilayer phospholipid membranes) and BLM (bilayer lipid membranes) were considered and analyzed, and iron nanoparticles were introduced into these systems. To fulfill the given task, the data search methods ("data mining") obtained by the gas-liquid chromatography were used, as well as ones obtained in experiments with registration of transmembrane electric currents through artificial two-layer BPM and BLM membranes, and partially ones from the experiments on natural membranes with technique of voltage clamp. Since the applied FeCl<sub>3</sub> undergoes hydrolysis, the formed hydroxyl groups interact with BLM membranes, also participating in the sum of interaction effects. Thus, it was concluded about the important role of hydroxyl groups in the mechanism of anionic selectivity of BLM, which is a confirmation of previously obtained research data. A number of effects with participation of ionophores, which increase the ion permeability of artificial BLM membranes, were also considered; they can bind metal ions due to ion-dipole interaction. The described system with a membrane and iron (III) ions located near it can be used to study a number of phenomena on both artificial and natural membranes, for example, when iron nanoparticles were absorbed by human body from the environment. For all considered cases, known physical and physico-chemical regularities and the corresponding developed mathematical apparatus were verified. Namely, analytical expressions based on electrostatic interactions of electric charges associated with Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions and localized on membrane surfaces were valid for describing the considered effects. The considered model membranes are on the border between living and non-living nature. At the same time, these systems are simple systems to which the laws of physics and physical chemistry are applicable. And, in some cases, when developing some technical hybrid systems, they can play the role of biosensors. Due to their simplicity, such models can be reproduced quite easily in the conditions of experiments, substances testing with analytical purpose in extreme situations. Therefore, such simple, reliable, tested methods can be used in wartime situations with limited laboratory resources.</p>Olena Klyuchko Iryna Morozova Michail Klyuchko Nataliia Burceva
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280394710.18372/1990-5548.79.18440Basic Stages of Technique for Designing Systems of Stabilization for Moving Vehicles Equipment
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18439
<p>The basic stages of technique for designing systems for stabilization of apparatus operated on moving vehicles are described. The most important design stages are listed. The main features of forming specification of requirements are represented. The characteristic of choosing basic components for the stabilization system, first of all inertial rate sensors and electric motors, are described. Principles of simulation of basic components of the stabilization system are given. The approaches for designing control laws in stabilization and tracking loops are represented including designing PID regulators and robust controllers. The basic approaches for checks of synthesised stabilization system by means of simulation are represented. The simulation results on the example of the robust stabilization system are given. The advantages of application of the robust system in conditions of disturbances are shown. The obtained results can be useful for measuring and observation devices operated on moving vehicles of the wide class.</p>Olexander Saluyk Olha Sushchenko
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280323810.18372/1990-5548.79.18439Summation Circuits of Automatic Control Systems
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18438
<p>During the operation of the stabilization systems, the parameters of the control object and the regulator can change for various reasons within fairly wide limits. In such cases, they speak of the presence of parametric uncertainty. Note that the main indicator of the quality of the stabilization system is considered to be the accuracy of the stabilization of the control object. As theoretical studies show, the accuracy of stabilization systems directly depends on their rigidity and damping, because they directly affect the formation of the moment of stabilization and determine the effectiveness of the system's response to external disturbances. Changing stiffness and damping in order to ensure the necessary efficiency of stabilization systems is the basis of their operational adjustments. To change these parameters, there are summation circuits in the systems. Will the change in the summation circuit type affect the solution to the main task of the operational adjustment of the stabilization system? This article considers the possibilities of summation circuits to ensure the optimality of the settings of the stabilization system.</p>Aleksandr Ablesimov Vladyslav Miroshnychenko Ilya Chubatyuk
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280263110.18372/1990-5548.79.18438The Use of Artificial Intelligence Methods in the Intelligent Decision Support System
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18437
<p>The article is devoted to the study of the use of artificial intelligence methods in decision-making support systems, particularly in military affairs. Examples of the application of artificial intelligence methods, such as expert systems and machine learning, which can be used to optimize management and strategic decisions in military operations, are considered. Special attention is paid to the use of decision trees in military scenarios as a tool for modeling possible options for the development of events and making optimal decisions. Decision trees allow a decision support system to analyze possible courses of action based on different conditions and circumstances. The results of the study emphasize the importance of using artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency and quality of decision-making in military affairs.</p>Viktor Chelkovan
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280162110.18372/1990-5548.79.18437Odometrical Navigation Systems
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18436
<p>The technology for determining the location of an object on the ground is the foundation for building vehicle navigation systems and surveillance systems after them. In general, such navigation systems make it possible to determine the coordinates of the vehicle’s location and its directional angle, find the direction to the destination, and calculate the coordinates of observation objects. The technical implementation of systems can be quite diverse <strong>–</strong> from implementation on mechanical elements to their implementation using microelectronics elements. The main factors in the development of navigation systems are the transition to computer-integrated systems and resource-saving technologies. This will make it possible to increase the accuracy of navigation information, obtain a significant gain in the weight and size characteristics of the equipment, reduce its energy consumption and increase reliability. The possibility of modernization of odometrical navigation systems based on integrated computer technologies is considered.</p>Aleksandr Ablesimov Aleksandra Nosova
Copyright (c) 2024 Electronics and Control Systems
2024-03-292024-03-29280222510.18372/1990-5548.79.18436A Comprehensive Framework for Underwater Object Detection Based on Improved YOLOv8
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18429
<p>Underwater object detection poses unique challenges due to issues such as poor visibility, small densely packed objects, and target occlusion. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework for underwater object detection based on improved YOLOv8, addressing these challenges and achieving superior performance. Our framework integrates several key enhancements including Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization for image preprocessing, a lightweight GhostNetV2 backbone, Coordinate Attention mechanism, and Deformable ConvNets v4 for improved feature representation. Through experimentation on the UTDAC2020 dataset, our model achieves 82.67% precision, 81.02 % recall, and 86.3 % mean average precision at IoU = 0.5. Notably, our framework outperforms the YOLOv8s model by a significant margin, while also being 15.1% smaller in terms of computational complexity. These results underscore the efficiency of our proposed framework for underwater object detection tasks, demonstrating its potential for real-world applications in underwater environments.</p>Victor Sineglazov Mykhailo Savchenko
Copyright (c) 2024
2024-03-292024-03-2928091510.18372/1990-5548.79.18429Solution of the Transportation Problem Employing Intelligent Technologies
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18281
<p>The article presents a new method of predicting the time of completion of a transport task. The method is based on the created mathematical model of the transport task process and on artificial intelligence methods. The choice of the optimal transportation route is based on the conditions of a specific task. A new method of choosing the optimal route is presented, taking into account the influence of such factors as weather conditions, day of the week, time of day, condition of the road surface, presence of residential complexes and other factors. The purpose of the study is to optimize the method of building a transport route using neural networks. The work presents the improvement of the general method of optimizing the transport process, the development of a neural network training method for predicting the time of the transport process, the development of a simulation mathematical model of the transport process and the determination of the model parameters and the effectiveness of the method verification. Research methods: methods of mathematical modeling, simulation modeling, Monte Carlo method, methods of artificial intelligence based on neural networks.</p>Oleksandr YakushenkoDmitriy ShevchukIvan SteniakinAndrii Shyshka
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280849110.18372/1990-5548.78.18281Air Traffic Control and Flight Planning for Cargo UAVS in a Single Airspace
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18280
<p>This article piece analyzes in detail the challenges and approaches to incorporating large cargo Unmanned Aerial Vehicles into existing airspace, focusing on air traffic management and flight operations planning. Modifications to air traffic control models required as a result of the inclusion of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles are discussed, with a focus on managing the various stochastic parameters that affect flight quality. The importance of maintaining safe takeoff and landing intervals is also emphasized. In addition, the article delves into the application of machine learning techniques in air traffic flow management, exploring the complexities of planning scheduled and special flights under conditions of incomplete information and stochastic uncertainty. The article highlights the importance of optimizing the payload-to-range ratio of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, taking into account factors such as wind conditions and battery efficiency to improve cargo transport efficiency. In addition, the article presents a two-stage stochastic programming model for flight planning aimed at minimizing costs and efficiently allocating flights and resources. The impact of drones on "last mile" delivery logistics is also discussed, emphasizing the potential benefits of drones in terms of increased speed, cost reduction, and access to remote areas.</p>Li HaoyangVolodymyr Kharchenko
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280788310.18372/1990-5548.78.18280Modeling Complex for Studies of Methodical and Instrumental Errors of the Strapdown Inertial Navigation System
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18279
<p>To study the accuracy characteristics, a strapdown inertial navigation system is represented as a set of kinematic equations and equations of a mathematical model of the Earth. Based on the mathematical model in the Matlab-Simulink package, a modeling complex was created, consisting of subsystems of the reference and studied navigation system, subsystems of the reference and simplified model of the Earth and a subsystem of primary information sensors. In navigation subsystems, kinematic equations of inertial navigation algorithms are solved, and matrices of direction cosines are formed. In the subsystems of the Earth model, the parameters of the Earth's spheroid and the acceleration of gravity are calculated. The sensor models are developed based on the characteristics of low-cost microelectromechanical sensors. The purpose of the study was to assess methodological and instrumental errors as the difference in the dead reckoning signals of the flight navigation parameters of the reference and studied navigation systems. Methodological errors of the system are played up by simplifications of the parameters of the earth's spheroid, and instrumental errors are caused by errors in inertial sensors.</p>Мykola FilyashkinOleg Smirnov
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280697710.18372/1990-5548.78.18279Implementation of 3G, 4G Mobile Connections Technologies in Urban and Rural Regions
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18277
<p>Currently in Ukraine, taking into account the development of the latest mobile Internet standards (3G/4G), it is possible to access the Internet even in remote places. There are no wired Internet due to the high cost of installation and maintenance. At the same time, a huge amount of equipment appeared on the market, which allows you to assemble systems for obtaining high-quality Internet over a wireless communication line. This refers to various types of antennas in the 900–2700MHz range, modems and routers with 3G/4G support. The locations of 3G/4G Internet base stations are in district centers predominantly. So, there is a situation that remote villages, settlements do not have the opportunity to get access to high-speed Internet. This especially harms the work of biological stations and rural medical clinics, which are spread over the territory of Ukraine and are often connected in a network. The purpose of the work is to describe briefly some practical results of our own development of providing high-quality mobile communication in some remote places of the territory of the state. To provide this service in remote areas of Ukraine, signal amplification is necessary. In addition, there is a problem with the propagation of radio waves over the rough terrains for the ultra short wave and microwave ranges. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use an external antenna with a high amplification factor, which will be installed at a height of at least 6 meters above the ground to reduce the impact of interference on the path of radio waves.</p>Volodymyr Shutko Nazar Fomenko Olena Klyuchko
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280626810.18372/1990-5548.78.18277Researching Indices of Reliability of Navigation Parameters Meters Checking
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18276
<p>The article deals with the studying process of measuring navigation parameters by means of gyroscopic measurements instruments. The topic of research is connected with studying reliability of checking of gyroscopic measuring instruments. The instrumental and methodical components of the check’s reliability are determined. Probabilities of arising both false and indefinite failures are obtained. The relationship, which connects accuracy performances and mass-dimension characteristics, is represented. Graphical dependences, which characterize interconnection between the instrumental component of the check’s reliability with accuracy characteristics of navigation measuring instruments, are given. Graphical dependences, which illustrate change of the methodical component for different types of checks, are shown. The analysis of instrumental and methodical components of the reliability of checking is carried out. The obtained results can be useful for grounded assignment of tolerances on measured navigation parameters.</p>Olha Sushchenko Olexander Saluyk Serhii Yehorov
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280576110.18372/1990-5548.78.18276Intelegence Design of Hybrid Vertical-axis Rotors
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18275
<p>The work is devoted to the necessity of creating the vertical-axis rotors of wind power stations in the urban area, which can be placed on roofs and makes it possible to increase their energy productivity by 60-70%. It is shown that the locations of such rotors on roofs has its own characteristics, which consists in the need to take into account the shape of the topography of the house, its storey, the direction and speed of the winds above it, and others. Examples of implementation of wind farms are considered and it is proven that their energy efficiency can be increased due to the use of hybrid vertical-axis rotors, which consist of a combination of Darrieus and Savonius rotors, where the Darrieus rotor is the main source(s) of wind energy conversion into the electric one, while the Savonius rotor(s) provide the acceleration of the Darrieus rotors. For the implementation it has been used the genetic algorithm. An inelegance design system has been developed. An example of the application of this system for the design of a hybrid rotor is given.</p>Victor Sineglazov Oleksandr Stanislavchuk
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280525610.18372/1990-5548.78.18275 Determination of Marketing Parameters for Building a Demand Forecasting Model using Neural Networks
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18263
<div class="lRu31" dir="ltr"><span class="HwtZe" lang="en"><span class="jCAhz ChMk0b"><span class="ryNqvb">This article is dedicated to the discovery of marketing parameters for the implementation of a forecasting model using additional neural measures using data from real data.</span></span> <span class="jCAhz ChMk0b"><span class="ryNqvb">The robot looks at the problem in the field of modeling the delivery of goods to the market in marketing using additional methods of artificial intelligence and machine learning.</span></span> <span class="jCAhz ChMk0b"><span class="ryNqvb">The main features of the main approaches to introducing product models to the market, their advantages and disadvantages are shown.</span></span> <span class="jCAhz ChMk0b"><span class="ryNqvb">It has been revealed that they will require thoroughness.</span></span> <span class="jCAhz ChMk0b"><span class="ryNqvb">A new methodology for solving the problem is presented.</span></span> <span class="jCAhz ChMk0b"><span class="ryNqvb">The model's ability to accurately predict lasting demand based on a variety of marketing parameters has been demonstrated, which helps businesses effectively plan inventory, inventory, and personnel, and can lead to significant cost savings. and increased efficiency.</span></span></span></div>Victor Sineglazov Mikhaylo Novikov
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280445110.18372/1990-5548.78.18263Structural-parametric Synthesis of Capsule Neural Networks
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18261
<p>This work is dedicated to the structural-parametric synthesis of capsule neural networks. A methodology for structural-parametric synthesis of capsule neural networks has been developed, which includes the following algorithms: determining the most influential parameters of the capsule neural network, a hybrid machine learning algorithm. Using the hybrid algorithm, the optimal structure and values of weight coefficients are determined. The hybrid algorithm consists of a genetic algorithm and a gradient algorithm (Adam). 150 topologies of capsule neural networks were evaluated, with an average evaluation time of one generation taking 10 hours. Chromosomes and weights are stored in the generation folder. The chromosome storage format is JSON, using the jsonpickle library for writing. Also, when forming a new generation, chromosome files from previous generations are used as a "cache". If a chromosome of the same structure exists, the accuracy is assigned immediately to avoid unnecessary training of neural networks. As a result of using the hybrid algorithm, the optimal topology and parameters of the capsule neural network for classification tasks have been found.</p>Victor Sineglazov Denys Kudriev
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280344310.18372/1990-5548.78.18261Twitter Fake News Detection Using Graph Neural Networks
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18259
<p>This article is devoted to the intellectual processing of text information for the purpose of detecting rail news. To solve the given task, the use of deep graph neural networks is proposed. Fake news detection based on user preferences is augmented with deeper graph neural network topologies, including Hierarchical Graph Pooling with Structure Learning, to improve the graph convolution operation and capture richer contextual relationships in news graphs. The paper presents the possibilities of extending the framework of fake news detection based on user preferences using deep graph neural networks to improve fake news recognition. Evaluation on the FakeNewsNet dataset (a subset of Gossipcop) using the PyTorch Geometric and PyTorch Lightning frameworks demonstrates that the developed deep graph neural network model achieves 94% accuracy in fake news classification. The results show that deeper graph neural networks with integrated text and graph features offer promising options for reliable and accurate fake news detection, paving the way for improved information quality in social networks and beyond.</p>Victor Sineglazov Kyrylo Bylym
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280263310.18372/1990-5548.78.18259Filter for confidential information
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18256
<p>The research is conducted on the topic of preventing various types of attacks on large language models (LLM), as well as preventing the leakage of confidential data when working with local text databases. Research is performed by implementing a filter and testing it on an example that aims to filter requests to the model. The proposed filter does not block the request to the LLM, but removes its parts, which is much faster and makes it impossible for an attacker to pick up a request, as it destroys its structure. The filter uses word embedding to evaluate the request to the LLM, which together with the use of a hash table for forbidden topics, speeds up the operation of the filter. To protect against attacks such as prompt injection and prompt leaking attack, the filter uses the method of randomly closing the sequence. During the testing process, significant improvements were obtained in maintaining the security of data used by LLM. Currently, the use of such filters in product projects and startups is an extremely important step, but there is a lack of ready-made implementations of filters with similar properties. The uniqueness of the filter lies in its independence from LLM and the use of semantic similarity as a fine-tuned way of classifying queries.</p>Oleksii Bezymiannyi Nataliia Shapoval
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280212510.18372/1990-5548.78.18256Text Message Clustering
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18255
<p>The division into groups of text messages is considered, which can be useful when building a personalized approach in different systems. Тo solve this problem, the Embedded Word2Vec was proposed. To enhance the division into groups, the suggestion of employing mini-batch k-means is presented, offering a method with lower computational demands. This recommendation aligns with the practical need for efficient and scalable clustering methods, especially when dealing with large datasets. Furthermore, the proposed metric based on the greatest common sequence is highlighted as a valuable tool for evaluating the similarity of texts. This metric not only serves as a means to assess clustering quality but also underscores the methodological approach of directly working with text data. The combination of these techniques presents a comprehensive framework for robust and effective text clustering, with potential applications in diverse fields, such as personalized system interactions and information retrieval.</p>Daniil Vedmiediev Nataliia Shapoval
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-27280162010.18372/1990-5548.78.18255Comparison of Two Methods for Measuring Speech Intelligibility
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18249
<p>Comparing of the full speech transmission index method and full formant-modulation method of speech intelligibility measurement has been made. The methods were compared according to the accuracy of the measurements under the conditions of noise interference. The dependences of the STI estimates errors on the signal-to-noise ratio and on the duration of the test signals were obtained by means of computer simulation. It is shown that the accuracy of speech transmission index estimates is practically the same for both methods. In particular, it is shown that the use of test signals with a duration of 4 s is minimally acceptable and provides an estimation error of 0.03. Using 8 s and 16 s test signals reduces the speech transmission index estimation error to 0.02 and 0.01, respectively, for a wide signal-to-noise ratio range from minus 28 dB to plus 28 dB. The obtained results are close to those for the case of the joint action of noise and reverberation.</p>Arkadiy ProdeusOleksandr DvornykAnton Naida Oleksandr Grebin
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-12-272023-12-2728091510.18372/1990-5548.78.18249Aircraft Fuel Measurement System Based on Hydrostatic Pressure Sensor
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18008
<p>The construction of an aircraft fuel-measuring system based on hydrostatic pressure sensors is considered, which makes it possible to determine the fuel residue in the aircraft tanks during its evolutions. With the evolution of aircraft, measuring the fuel residue in existing fuel metering systems using float and capacitive fuel level sensors has a rather complex electromechanical design and significant weight and size characteristics. This together affects the reliability of such systems as a whole and leads to significant methodological errors in determining the remaining fuel during maneuverable flight. The proposed system using hydrostatic pressure sensors and a computer can significantly increase the efficiency of existing fuel metering systems, and can also be used for calibration tests both on the ground and in flight.</p>Oleg SmirnovMykola Filyashkin
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280778210.18372/1990-5548.77.18008An Approach to Robust Control of Aircraft Motion
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18006
<p>The article deals with approaches to designing aircraft control systems based on the robust synthesis. The mathematical model of the aircraft control system both for deterministic and stochastic cases is considered. The Dryden filter models are represented. The state-space conception is applied. The concept of robust designing based on H-infinity synthesis, function of the mixed sensitivity, and loop shaping is represented. The features of Robust Control Toolbox necessary for automated designing of aircraft control systems are studied. The weighting transfer functions are proposed. Results of simulation of the synthesized robust control system are shown in the form of transient processes in lateral and longitudinal motions. The proposed approach is directed on providing the possibility of the aircraft to function in conditions of influence of disturbances. The possible applications of obtained results is control of aircraft motion in civil aviation.</p>Olha Sushchenko Yurii Bezkorovainyi
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280697610.18372/1990-5548.77.18006A Method for Adaptive Wavelet Filtering of Speech Signals Based on Daubechies Filters with Minimization of Errors in Finding Optimal Thresholds
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18005
<p>The paper deals with the problem of adaptive wavelet filtering of speech signals based on Daubechies filters with minimization of errors in finding optimal threshold values. This approach is similar to estimating a speech signal by averaging it using a kernel that is locally adapted to the smoothness of the signal. In this case, a set of coupled mirror filters decomposes the speech signal in a discrete domain according to the orthogonal Daubechies wavelet basis into several frequency bands. Noise removal of speech signals is performed as a complete cutoff of the wavelet transform coefficients based on the assumption that their small amplitude values are noise. Thus, in the Daubechies wavelet basis, where coefficients with large amplitude correspond to abrupt changes in the speech signal, such processing preserves only the intermittent components originating from the input speech signal without adding other components caused by noise. In general, by equating small coefficients to zero, we perform adaptive smoothing that depends on the smoothness of the input speech signal. By keeping the coefficients of large amplitude, we avoid smoothing out sharp drops and preserve local features. Performing this procedure on several scales leads to a gradual reduction of the noise effect on both piecewise smooth and discontinuous parts of the speech signal. In view of this, the main task of the study is to adaptively generate micro-local thresholds, which will reduce the impact of additive noise on the pure form of the speech signal, and preserve significant wavelet coefficients of large amplitude that characterize the local features of the speech signal. Thus, as a result of our work, we have proved the feasibility of developing the presented method of wavelet filtering of speech signals with adaptive thresholds based on Daubechies wavelet analysis, which minimizes the loss of speech intelligibility and allows for noise removal depending on the properties and physical nature of the processed data.</p>Oleksandr LavrynenkoDenys BakhtiiarovGeorgiy KonakhovychVitalii Kurushkin
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280606810.18372/1990-5548.77.18005Mathematical Description of Systems for Space Stabilization of Equipment Assigned for Operation on Moving Vehicles
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18004
<p>The article deals with the development of mathematical description of systems for stabilization of measurement and observation equipment assigned for operation at moving vehicles of the wide class such as land, marine, and air moving vehicles. Mathematical descriptions of one-axis, two-axis, and three-axis stabilization systems are represented including kinematical relations and dynamics models. The general mathematical descriptions and the appropriate models in the space of states are given. The basic approaches to linearization of the generalized models are represented. The sets of turns in the inertial space for two-axial and three-axial stabilizations systems are represented. The obtained mathematical model for one-axis stabilization system has been used for the robust structural synthesis of the system assigned for stabilization of the observation equipment mounted at the land moving vehicles. The obtained results can be spread on moving vehicles of the different type.</p>Olexander Saluyk
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280535910.18372/1990-5548.77.18004Micro- and Nanocircuits with Configurable Logic
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18003
<p>The work considers controversial problems with the introduction of specialized and at the same time universal large integrated circuits, which are clarified at the initial stages of automated hierarchical design. Universal micro- and nanocircuits with configurable logic are created in the article to increase the efficiency of automated design systems. The article provides effective methods of programming multiplexer micro- and nanocircuits with configured logic for implementing Boolean and majority logic functions. The obtained results are used to configure the multiplexer functional blocks. With the help of modern automated design systems, comparative modeling of logic micro- and nanocircuits with configured logic was performed, which proved the adequacy of their functioning, the advantages of frequency and disadvantages of temperature characteristics of nanomultiplexer circuits.</p>Oleksandr Melnyk Viktoriia Kozarevych Mykola Butok
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280475210.18372/1990-5548.77.18003Long-term Demand Forecasting: using an Ensemble of Neural Networks to Improve Accuracy
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18002
<p>This research paper proposes a method of long-term demand forecasting based on an ensemble of neural networks that considers the novelty of the data. A tool for creating the ensemble was developed that uses a bagging technique as well as a modification that allows for the relevance and novelty of the data to be considered when creating training samples for each model in the ensemble. The study examines and compares the developed method with known approaches to long-term demand forecasting. Experimental results have indicated that the proposed approach allows for obtaining more accurate and reliable demand forecasts compared to existing methods. The results emphasize the importance of data in the demand forecasting process and indicate the potential of the proposed method to eventually improve inventory management strategies and product planning<em>.</em></p>Victor Sineglazov Andrii Samoshyn
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280172310.18372/1990-5548.77.18002Semi-supervised Learning Based on Graph Stochastic Co-Training
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/18001
<p>This article is devoted to the development of a new approach in semi-supervised machine learning. The goal of this article is to analyze the accuracy of the single-view co-training system, based on the use of a modified graph-based stochastic label propagation algorithm for a multiclass classification problem. Graph transformation of data is preceded by feature decomposition, with three algorithms being compared: Singular Value Decomposition, Truncated Singular Value Decomposition, Iterative Primary Component Analysis, Kernel Primary Component Analysis. To improve the accuracy of the proposed method, additional parameter was included in the label propagation algorithm, allowing for the usage of the algorithm in co-training systems. Further performance increases are achieved via optimization of data modification, which is achieved by applying feature decomposition methods and parallelizing the calculation-heavy processes. As examples of practical use were considered solutions to the problem of multiclass classification for standard datasets of the library sklearn and for the real dataset Traffic Signs Preprocessed. Analyses of the results of the implementation of the proposed approach showed improvements in accuracy and of performance solving the multiclass classification problem.</p>Victor Sineglazov Serhii Yarovyi
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-2728091610.18372/1990-5548.77.18001Stability Parameters of Register File Bit Cell with Low Power Consumption Priority
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17963
<p>This research is dedicated to a transistor sizing method of an 8-transistor register file static random access memory bit cell aiming to create two-port register files and two-port static random access memory with reduced supply voltage to reduce power consumption. This method can also be applied to 6-transistor single-port static random access memory bit cells. The method is based on the analysis of butterfly curves and the search for such values of the sizes of transistors and margin of their threshold voltages, in which, for a given critical minimal supply voltage, the condition for the existence of one intersection and one touch of its curves is achieved for the butterfly curves. The obtained samples of the register files bit cell in silicon and its critical voltage were compared to the results of circuit simulation in the write and read mode depending on the supply voltage. Experimental register files chip samples were successfully tested in silicon at a voltage of 0.75 V.</p>Oleksandr Grudanov
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280404610.18372/1990-5548.77.17963Single-electronic Multi-level Adders
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17962
<p>Since metal-oxide-semiconductor microelectronic structures have reached small-scale and quantum limitations, technological models of single-electron nanocircuits of multi-level adders have been created in the work. It has been proven that one bit of information can be encoded by the presence or absence of one electron on a quantum island cluster.This paper provides a simulation of a 4×4 multiplier circuit on the proposed one-bit full adder. As a result, a comparison with other adders was made, an analysis of energy dissipation depending on temperature and the dissipated power of the existing and proposed multipliers in nW was carried out. As a result, it was found that the proposed adder has better properties compared to similar ones. As a result of the work, the simulation of the 4×4 multiplier circuit was performed, and the simulation results were obtained. Modeling of the circuit was performed in QCAD DESIGNER software.</p>Oleksandr Melnyk Maksym Kravets Valerii Kravets
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280343910.18372/1990-5548.77.17962Automated Simulation Encryption Nanodevices
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17960
<p>This article implements the method of automated simulation and design of new non-radiating nanoelectronic encryption modules. Currently, cryptographic equipment is practically not protected from electromagnetic attacks and information decryption, as it is created according to outdated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor microtechnology. To increase the error-free operation of encryption devices, the article uses a system of automated design of nanodevices based on quantum cellular automata using majoritarian principles of their operation. Automated simulation proved that the consuption of the nanodevices developed in the work does not exceed 3,8´10<sup>-23</sup> J. Therefore, unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with the nanodevices developed in the article are completely protected from electromagnetic attacks. The results of automated modeling and verification using a computer design system QCADesigne fully confirmed the effectiveness of introducing single-electron nanodevices into encryption devices of unmanned systems. The proposed logic takes advantage of low power consumption quantum-dot cellular automata together with complicated clocking circuits as a paradigm of nanotechnology advances in encryption engineering.</p>Oleksandr Melnyk Viktoriia Kozarevych
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280283310.18372/1990-5548.77.17960Attitude Determination System with Rotation of Gyroscopes
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17956
<p>A method of auto-compensation for the influence of constant biases in the output signals of gyroscopes in the system for determining the orientation of an object, based on the rotation of the gyroscopes relative to the object, is considered. The analysis of the obtained models of errors in determining the orientation and the simulation performed show the high efficiency of this method for improving the accuracy of readings. The proposed error model makes it quite easy to evaluate the efficiency of auto-compensation. It is shown that the problem may be reduced to integrating the direction cosine matrix that determine the position of the sensitive elements in the reference coordinate system.</p>Lev Ryzhkov Mykola Chernyak
Copyright (c) 2023 Electronics and Control Systems
2023-09-272023-09-27280242710.18372/1990-5548.77.17956Detecting Handwritten Line for TikZ Code Generating
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17671
<p>This work is devoted to the recognition of straight lines in geometric drawings created by hand with the help of neural networks. The LaTeX language is usually used for the design of articles, which takes more time, especially when writing formulas or constructing geometric drawings, unlike writing by hand. Automating the construction of drawings will make it possible to speed up the process of writing articles. The paper considers the recognition of straight lines as the most popular element of geometric drawings. The Hough transform for straight lines detection and its disadvantages are considered. The use of convolutional neural networks for this task is proposed as the best tool for working with images. To train the model, a dataset was created with handwritten lines and lines constructed in a graphics editor. The results of the neural network are given.</p>Nataliia Shapoval Denys Lobanov
Copyright (c) 2023
2023-06-232023-06-23280566010.18372/1990-5548.76.17671Arithmetic-Logic Single-Electron Nanocircuits
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17670
<p>Computer–added design of single-electron nanoelectronic circuits on quantum majority components has been implemented. Proposed methods of building logic-arithmetic computing devices of the combinational type, which implement an almost complete system of logical functions in both the majority and Boolean bases. Quantum cellular automata is a technology that emerged two decades ago, in which the values of logical states correspond to the positions of individual electrons. Quantum cells are used to construct logic nanoelements and arithmetic nanodevices. The work is dedicated to the computer design of modern logic and arithmetic devices, which include universal majority elements. In the work, quantum nano-devices are modeled using QCADesiner automated design system.</p>Oleksandr Melnyk Viktoriia Kozarevych
Copyright (c) 2023
2023-06-232023-06-23280687210.18372/1990-5548.76.17670H2/Hinf Optimization of System for Stabilization of Moving Vehicles Equipment Using Two Types of Penalty Functions
https://jrnl.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ESU/article/view/17669
<p>The article deals with features of H2/Hinf optimization of the stabilization system using two types of penalty function directed on provision of both the system’s stability and operating characteristics given to the system. Researched systems are assigned for stabilization of equipment operated on moving vehicles. The novelty of the research is introducing a new type of penalty function. The expressions for basic operating requirements are represented. The choice of the optimization algorithms is grounded including the Nelder–Mead method and genetic algorithm. The features of the genetic algorithm are described. The comparative analysis of optimization by both methods has been done. The optimization results in the form of transient processes are represented. The obtained results can be useful for systems assigned for stabilization of equipment operated on moving vehicles of the wide class.</p>Olha Sushchenko Olexander Saluyk
Copyright (c) 2023
2023-06-232023-06-23280616710.18372/1990-5548.76.17669