IMPACT OF TRAINING PROCESS OF AVIATION SPECIALISTS ON FLIGHT SAFETY PARAMETERS

IMPACT OF TRAINING PROCESS OF AVIATION SPECIALISTS ON FLIGHT SAFETY PARAMETERS Educational & Recearch Center of Advanced Technologies, National Aviation University, Kyiv Ukraine Department of automation and energy management, Research Institute of integrated telecommunication technologies, National Aviation University, Kyiv Ukraine E-mails; profkazak@ukr.net, Prokhorenkoirina83@gmail.com, t_nataly@ukr.net


I. INTRODUCTION
Flight safety (BP) is a major issue for civil aviation (CA) in any country and is seen as the property of the aviation transport system to carry air transport without endangering people's lives and health.An analysis of the FS state under the auspices of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) indicates that the overwhelming majority of six aviation events occur for reasons related to the "personal" or "human" factor (HF).The analysis of the flight safety proves the necessity of reforming the existing AS system [1], [2].Therefore, a lot of attention is paid to this issue.

II. ANALYSIS OF RECENT RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS
Under the conditions of overcoming crisis phenomena in the economy, the question of the quality of flight technicians training increases the relevance of the issue.The main reason for this is the inconsistency of the training quality of educational institutions' graduates to the requirements of the industry and transport enterprises.This problem is devoted to the works of national scientists, such as: E. Vinograd, E. Zharikov, O. Razumovsky, G. Shirshin, A. Uemov, V. Yatskevich.Thus, the question of the correspondence of professional training level of flight crew is the most relevant under the conditions of evolutionary changes in the theory of the FS provision [3]- [4].
The purpose of this article is to increase the efficiency of the practical training management of the flight crew by optimizing the time structure.

III. PROBLEM STATEMENT
Since the process of preparing a flight technical profile requires the attraction of significantly more resources than in other fields of knowledge, the high level of logistics and optimal use of all available resources, such as material, financial, personnel, time, etc., is needed to achieve the required training quality.Solving such a complex problem requires the implementation of mathematical methods to support the adoption of managerial decisions on the formation of optimal strategies and timely correction of current learning methods in accordance with changes in internal and external conditions, dynamics of knowledge, changes in goals and priorities of training.The main tool for this should be the modern methods of modeling and optimization, which will allow to predict the development of events, the consequences of certain management decisions, and most importantly, will allow you to find the best solutions to improve professional skills.
The main task of this work is to investigate the influence of the distribution of active current time (operating time) of subjects of study (students) on the quality of education parameters, while the quality of learning is determined on the basis of the testing results.The authors tried to give a theoretical scheme of problem analysis based on the most general preconditions.The obtained model allows us to carry out a parametric analysis [3].
The qualitative structure implies that in this case the learning process has three components: -information component of training process; -modifications of the learner intelligence; -improving the ethical basis.
Thus, the effectiveness of subjects' educational activities should be based on constant monitoring of the level of these three components.The management of the development and interdependence of such components allows us to form a coherent and consistent model of a highly qualified specialist.Let's consider each of the components in detail.
The information component implies solving the following tasks: -the choice of educational information content, which corresponds to the given direction or specialty, which the subject learns; -structuring the content and the time during which portions of educational information are grasped; A characteristic feature in solving mentioned problems is the management of the students' resources and the choice of teaching technology.
The management of students' intellectual capacity development can be achieved through the improvement of the basic properties of intelligence, namely: -development of logical thinking; -increase the speed of processing training information; -increase of the possible amount of information that the subject can master; -solving the problem of choice, if there is a multi-alternative situation.
The defining component that needs to be solved is the modification of students' ethical foundations.The concept of this component is based on ensuring the successful solution of previous two components.The main environment in which you can realize the influence of intelligence -information component.The development of methods for assessing the modification of intellectual and ethical foundations represents the second component.
In this context, the capacity of a future specialist to master new information, and to replace the obsolete information with a new one will be high when a future specialist is characterized by a high degree of adaptability to new dynamically changing conditions in their field.The implementation at a desired level of the first and the second tasks is not possible without solving the third one.In this sense, the management and evaluation of the training process's effectiveness should be oriented not on the end result of graduation, but on the active work of a specialist all the time, just as the design of the aircraft and its equipment is currently carried out, taking into account the reliability of its entire life cycle.Two types of aviation personnel training are considered: -passive training; -problem training.
Passive training -is to transfer the planned scope and content of information.
This method does not provide the trainee with the opportunity to make a right decision for the situation prevailing in flight or when preparing for it.
Problem training -involves creating problem situations in the process of managing the process of preparing specialists, when the student is placed in the conditions necessary to make decisions: to make choices (strategies) i a S   , where a S there is a set of permissible alternative solutions.
The ability to make decisions on a plurality a S is conditioned, firstly, by the ability to perceive, recognize, identify an alternative, evaluate the implications associated with it -resource costs req ( ) i R  are expected resources, and secondly: the ability to make choices a S in uncertainty.This ability depends on the accumulated experience, decision-making skills and is based on the characteristic of the will of those who study.Creat (1) It`s obvious that the more inf t , the more reliable and deep awareness of problem-wise situations is created in the classroom, but also the smaller the number of different situations it can cover.
On the contrary, the more pr t , the greater the plu- rality a S and the faster the right decision can be made.Thus, there are obvious "scales" when planning a training strategy for aviators.Therefore, it is proposed to divide the training time into two parts: inf t  -information time, pr t  -problem time, where the asterisk affects the optimal choice.As an example, let's consider a separate case of a fixed number of alternatives: , n    so we will focus on using as a criterion for optimizing time, making a decision.We associate it with the so-called entropy thresholds.Let's define the subjective entropy a S as follows: 1 ( ) ln ( ), where ( ) i   is the indicator of the preference of the alternative .
Under the conditions of uncertainty, any nonadditive measure may be used, for example, the measure of Sugeno or the so-called non-additive Hmeasure, where the condition of normalization is taken as: To get a model of function ( i   in work, the benefits are used.The most appropriate for the realization of this task is the information-entropy method, which coincides in the form with the principle of James, but at the same time, has significant differences, and therefore can be considered an independent principle [5].As the criterion of optimality the value is taken: where  is the endogenous structural parameter considered as a characteristic of the emotional stress and the internal peculiarity of the subject in the formation of the functions of benefits; ( ) i F  is the "cognitive" function.
After calculating the derivative of Ф  on ( ), i   we find: ( , )(ln ( ) 1) ( ) 0, from here: An assumption about the existence of subjective entropy thresholds is made: H is a upper level of psychological uncer- tainty; -  H is the threshold of evolutionary "non- return".
The necessary condition for the decision is as follows: .
is the decision on a S can't be made.
is the psyche of the person making the decision is in a state of deep stress and no rational activity is possible.
The distribution (8) coincides in the form with the Baltsman-Gibbs distribution in physical kinetics, and the coefficient '  ( , ) -has the role of the reverse "mental" temperature ' 1 T   .
Figure 1 shows the characteristic dependence on time when the problem situation arises.

. Dependence of subjective entropy on time
We can conclude from the analysis of data in Fig. 1 that when a special problem situation arises, subjective entropy H  rapidly increases and the subject enters the area of "stress" , H H H  , and then under constant conditions the subject gradually recovers.
Entropy falls in the moment t t   caused by the necessary condition for a timely decision [3] .
The hybrid model has also been studied in which it is assumed that a priori probabilities can be written down by the magnitudes of the corresponding advantages.Therefore, we introduce the subjective Bayesian risk: If, as a cognitive function, subjective Bayesian risk is used, then the functional will take the form: But the canonical distribution has an exponential character: where ˆ( ) Groot's terminology.The threshold height H  depends on time.The higher the threshold, the faster the decision will be made, and the higher the probability of a decision that is not the best in terms of security.The amount of information time ( inf t ) influences the quality and depth of flight situation identification and alternatives, including its increase, promotes a more distinct differentiation of alternatives, an increase in the absolute difference between cognitive functions: ( ( ) ( ).
There is a problem of choosing the optimal program in the division of the training time in two parts: 1) inf t is the information time; 2) pr t  is a problem time.

V. CONCLUSION
The following approach to quantitative assessing the impact of time structure optimization of aviation specialists training process on the conditions of the assigned level of FS allows the formation of the necessary volitional qualities of future specialists.The introduction of this approach to the training process of aviation specialists will enable to enhance the level of their readiness to the actions in extreme situations both in the field and on the land.

1 (
not probabilities but satisfy certain conditions of normalization, within the framework of the theory of cognitive measure:

N
ing the necessary basis for what we have described is provided by the information component of learning technology.Creating the necessary foundation is provided in the process of problem training.Consider that T is the total resource of the oper-